CLASSIFICATION of Hyla
PHYLUM :- CHORDATA (Notochord, dorsal tubular nerve cord present and gill slits present).
Group :- CRANIATA (Definite head. Cranium with brain present).
Subphylum :- VERTEBRATA (vertebral column present).
Division :- GNATHOSTOMATA (Jaws and paired appendages present).
Superclass :- TETRAPODA (Paired limbs, lungs, bony skeleton and cornified skin).
Class :- AMPHIBIA (Scaleless glandular skin , have 3 chambered heart , cold blooded, 2 occipital condyles, can live in water and land both).
Order :- ANURA OR SALIENTIA (Tail, external gills and gill-slits absent. both hind limbs and fore limbs well developed).
Sub-order :- PROCOELA (Vertebrae procoels. Ribs absent).
Family :- HYLIDAE (Teeth in both jaws. Toes with adhesive disc).
Genus :- HYLA
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION
- Tree frog is commonly found in India, USA , China , Miocene, Africa and Canada.
HABIT AND HABITAT
- It is arboreal in habit, living on tree and rocks. Tree frogs are usually tiny as their weight has to be carried by the branches and twigs in their habitats.
GENERAL CHARACTERSTICS OF HYLA
- Commonly called Tree Frog. body divided into head and trunk.
- Body small meassuring 3 to 8 cm in size generally green in colour.
- Head contains eyes and nostrils.
- upper jaw toothed, lower jaw without teeth (edentulus).
- Eyes well developed with horizontal pupil. tympanum distinct.
- Forelimbs and hindlimbs adapted for arboreal life. terminal base of each digit is claw shaped and toes contain expanded adhesive discs or cushions which are used to climb trees.
- Sacrum with dilated transverse process.
- They often possess jewel-like eyes that glint with flecks of gold or copper.
- Their lustrous skin varies widely in colour and commonly has a metallic sheen.
- Tree frogs can grow to be a range of sizes, most arboreal species are very small because they rely on leaves and slender branches to hold their weight.
- Skin of belly contains hygroscopic glands which help in adhering the frog with leaf, twig or stem.
- They do not normally descend to the ground, except to mate and spawn, though some build foam nests on leaves and rarely leave the trees at all as adults.
- Fertilization external. eggs are usually laid in water. development indirect (tadpole larva stage included)
- vocal sacs are well developed and can make loud noise.
SPECIAL FEATURES
Hyla arborea, Hyla versicolour and Hyla regita, etc., are all tree-living frogs, and adapted from amphibious to arboreal life. They also change their colour according to their environment and show camouflage or mimicry. Hyla faber shows peculiar parental care. It comes down from the tree. Females dig up mud of shallow pond, make small nurseries, and eggs are laid in them. The larvae hatch and go into submerged water
IDENTIFICATION
Anura contains adhesive disc in limb toes and above features, hence it is Hyla.
REFERENCES
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_frog
- Book of Practical Zoology VERTEBRATE by S.S.LAL – Rastogi Publications.
- https://www.nwf.org/EducationalResources/WildlifeGuide/Amphibians/Tree-Frogs
- https://www.britannica.com/animal/tree-frog-amphibian-group
- SOURCES OF IMAGES – https://www.google.com /url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F %2Fkids.nationalgeographic.com
- https://www.google.com/url?sa= i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wiki pedia.org
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